INTRODUCTION
Color blindness (color vision deficiency) is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. It can impair tasks such as selecting ripe fruit, choosing clothing, and reading traffic lights. Color blindness may make some educational activities more difficult. However, problems are generally minor, and most color-blind people adapt. People with total color blindness (achromatopsia) may also be uncomfortable in bright environments and have decreased visual acuity. The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited problem in the development of one or more of the three sets of the eyes’ cone cells, which sense color. Among humans, males are more likely to be color blind than females, because the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes, so a defect in one is typically compensated for by the other. Non-color-blind females can carry genes for color blindness and pass them on to their children. Males only have one X chromosome and therefore always express the genetic disorder if they have the recessive gene. Color blindness can also result from physical or chemical damage to the eye, the optic nerve, or parts of the brain. Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; other methods include genetic testing. There is no cure for color blindness. Diagnosis may allow a person’s teacher to change the teaching method to accommodate the condition. Special lenses such as X-chrome lenses may help people with red–green color blindness in bright light Mobile apps can help people identify colors. Red–green color blindness is the most common form, followed by blue–yellow color blindness and total color blindness Red–green color blindness affects up to 8% of males and 0.5% of females of Northern European descent.
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The ability to see color also decreases in old age. In certain countries, color blindness may make people ineligible for certain jobs, such as those of aircraft pilots, train drivers, crane operators, and people in the armed forces. The effect of color blindness on artistic ability is controversial. The ability to draw appears to be unchanged, and a number of famous artists are believed to have been color blind.
Diseases/causes of colour blindness
Diseases
Color blindness can also happen if your eyes or the part of your brain that helps you see color gets damaged.
This can be caused by:
Eye diseases, like glaucoma or macular degeneration Brain and nervous system diseases, like Alzheimer’s or multiple sclerosis
Some medicines, like Plaquenil (a rheumatoid arthritis medicine) Eye or brain injuries Your color vision may also get worse as you get older, especially if you get a cataract [ a cloudy area on your eye].
Causes
The most common kinds of color blindness are genetic, meaning they’re passed down from parents. If your color blindness is genetic, your color vision will not get any better or worse over time. You can also get color blindness later in life if you have a disease or
HOW TO STAY FREE FROM COLOUR BLINDNESS
Usually, color blindness runs in families. There’s no cure, but special glasses and contact lenses can help. Most people who are color blind are able to adjust and don’t have problems with everyday activities.
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Frequently ask question
- Can I correct my color blindness? -: No. Neither glasses nor lenses or any other tools can correct it. But some of them may shift your spectrum of color sensation. How
- Do people get color vision deficiency ?-: Most people are born with it (congenital). The most common forms of congenital defective color vision, the red-green deficiencies, are due to sex-linked X chromosomes and simple recessive hereditary traits. Men are mainly affected because women have two X chromosomes and men have only one X and a Y chromosome. If a man’s one X chromosome is color defective he will be color deficient, whereas , a woman must inherit two color defective X chromosomes to be color deficient. For a woman to be color deficient, her father must be colorblind and her mother colorblind or be a carrier. All possible patterns of inheritance of any one of these color defects are shown here.
conclusion
Color blindness is a mild disability when one of your cones is missing. This causes irregular vision compared to normal people. As it may shrink your range of visible spectrum, it may also change how the color looks. Color blindness may change your life, because of a slightly shrunken employment list, but many people face their problems and change their daily ways slightly and are able to deal with color blind. It won’t affect your life greatly, because some people don’t notice their color blind until they go to an eye doctor, or don’t notice for the rest of their lives!
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