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Federal Hospital in Nigeria. Since no one wants to risk his or her life and take a risk in the slightest negligence in treatment, we all have a choice to choose what is best for us to stay alive, but we often forget to asked ourselves if these(snacks, drink, meal, way of life) are healthy for us? This question strikes us to caution our actions for better healthy living as the hospital is no place one could wish to be. An old phrase would say “You never miss your health until you lose it”. health shouldn’t be taken for granted as it is the real wealth and not pieces of gold and silver. I understand for one to have a healthy body you need to have (exercise, good thoughts, eating good food, taking a good sleep)  which tends to be highly repetitive when engaged in it regularly, as it is a major driver of neuroplastic changes in the brain and body system, which is why physical exercise is one of the most important factors in restoring and maintaining mental as well as physical health across the life span, starting from the moment one begins such a program.

Generally, hospitals have evolved since the 1700s when the first U.S. public hospital sheltered and provided medical healthcare to the poor. Until the late 20th century, public hospitals represented the “poor house” that undertook social welfare roles. The “poor house” also provided secondary medical care, specifically during epidemics. Let’s focus on medical centers where treatments of different illnesses can best be handled by experts in the field to restore and maintain good healthcare in Nigeria. There are factors to consider when choosing a hospital for medication. For non-emergency situations – such as childbirth planning or undergoing scheduled or routine medical procedures – patients often have a choice of what type of hospital to go to, either public or private.

Introduction 

A hospital is a health care institution providing patients treatment with specialized medical and nursing staff with full medical equipment or facilities. Specialized hospitals can help reduce health care costs compared to general hospitals.is because the specialist practitioner has all the medical facilities to handle any health problems more effectively as it relates to its line of specialization. The hospital which is best known to have an emergency department to treat urgent health problems is the general hospital, caring for problems ranging from fire and accident victims, sudden illness leading to deformation or death of the patient. With so many different types of hospitals and medical facilities, you may wonder what makes one hospital or facility different from another, with a good medical practitioner and facilities a whole lot of difference can be made. Specialized hospitals include trauma centers, rehabilitation hospitals, children’s hospitals, seniors’ (geriatric) hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric treatment and certain disease categories. Hospitals are classified as general, specialty, or government depending on the sources of income received.

The Federal hospital

Firstly, with the anticipation of free health services, there is a high likelihood of poor quality of services. The sole responsibility of any government is to provide basic amenities for its citizens. One of the key areas governments focus their attention on is public health care which renders public services to every citizen of the state. Federal hospitals do have benefits as they are equipped with the latest technology and healthcare materials, as Most federal hospitals have strict rules and policies when it comes to treating people. Citizens have the benefit of receiving free health care services through a federal health care center.

A federal hospital some times refer to as a public hospital is any medical healthcare center owned by the government of the people and is fully funded by the government and operates solely off the money that is collected from taxpayers to fund healthcare initiatives thereby creating employment for doctors and specialist in a different field. In some countries, this type of hospital provides medical care free of charge to patients, covering expenses and wages by government reimbursement. Although the services provided by public and private hospitals have some similarities with a little difference. Since costs tend to be lower in publicly operated hospitals, it is the best option for those who have restrictive insurance or who are not wealthy and able to pay for their healthcare out of pocket.

ADVANTAGES OF FEDERAL HOSPITAL

• Federal or Public hospitals are much larger than private hospitals. It has a different ward for different illnesses such as maternity ward for children, men, pregnant women and people with disabilities, etc.
• Federal hospitals provide the best and latest technology and healthcare materials needed to treat and diagnose illnesses. 
• Public hospitals are funded by the government and so are unable to turn away patients with any kind of illness or emergency.
• The cost of treatment is considerably cheaper than a state hospital and they have a resident doctor in case of an emergency.
• The federal hospital is owned and controlled by the federal government and is fully funded by the Government which therefore creates more employment for medical practitioners and training of aspiring doctors and nurses.
• Because they are partly or fully funded by the federal government, federal hospitals accept nearly every type of insurance and are very flexible.
• They also have a much higher number of beds, so they can accommodate more patients at a time.
• The federal hospital has a good standard of medical facilities required to handle any emergency.

THE DISADVANTAGES OF FEDERAL HOSPITAL 

• Due to the influx of people which leads to overcrowding, one may have trouble obtaining medical care as it will prolong or delay medical attention.
• In the federal hospital doctors and nurses are not always available especially if a patient requires immediate treatment or has a suspected serious illness.
• There is no privacy in the federal hospital which one is prone to contacting another illness from the environment.
• Cheaper and less effective medication may be given in place of quality and effective drugs. It should not be expected that citizens have the best quality of health services due to the limited budget and expenditure of the ministry. 

THE STATE HOSPITAL

With the poor performance of the federal government’s low budget in providing good medical care for citizens in all states, the state government took it upon itself to assist with the best medical facilities needed to treat and handle any medical illnesses. This comes with a higher maintenance cost as most of the state cant afford a well-standard fully equipped hospital for her citizens. You will see that people tend to visit private hospitals more than public hospitals.

A state hospital is any medical healthcare establishment that is licensed by the ministry of health to provide medical attention to citizens under medical need, as it is owned and funded by the state government without the support of federal fund thereof all operational medical activities and payment of staffs are run by the state government, for-profits and non-profits making. State hospitals are commonly part of the health development in any country as they will help to save lives.

ADVANTAGES OF STATE HOSPITAL

• State hospitals have a short period of waiting time.
• A state hospital enables the patient to select their preferred surgeon or doctor for treatment.
• State hospitals offer an excellent doctor-to-patient ratio. In addition, there is usually a larger number of attentive staff (nurses) per patient in state hospitals.

DISADVANTAGES OF STATE HOSPITAL

• State hospitals are not easily affordable as services in these settings tend to be much higher.
• State hospitals can refuse treatment due to lack of healthcare equipment, as they might refer you to a private or federal hospital.
• State or local hospitals are not well secured as a result of poor employment of security guards.
• They are unhygienic as cleaners are not employed as much to keep the environment clean.
• They do not conduct proper medical checkups and lack drugs in the hospital pharmacy.
• The doctors are not very well educated to handle surgical analysis as they don’t have a resident doctor.
• In the state or local hospital there is a lack of proper communication.
• They have no ambulance for emergencies.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1

 What is the difference between a teaching hospital and a maternity hospital?

Answer 

A teaching hospital is a healthcare hospital that has an accredited medical residency-training program and usually has an affiliation with a medical school to train students or persons aspiring to be a nurse in the medical practice

While

Maternity hospital specializes in caring for women during pregnancy and childbirth. It also provides care for newborn infants and may act as a center for clinical training in midwifery and obstetrics. 

QUESTION 2.

Can I treat malaria by taking antibiotics every month?

Answer 

Firstly, taking drugs without running a medical test and prescription by a doctor or pharmacist is drug abuse. Antibiotics are not healthy when taken often and are not advisable. 

QUESTION 3.

How can we improve a state hospital?

Answer 

Improving a state hospital requires the state government to

1. Employ qualify doctors and nurses 
2. Purchase new technologies for medical treatments of patients
3. Provide state pharmacists with original drugs
4. Employ cleaners to keep the environment clean
5. Provide a complete laboratory and ultra-scan machine for diagnosis of illness.

It is very easy to purchase all kinds of modern medical facilities in Nigeria, at Rovich Diagnostics Services we provide all kinds of technology for the medical sections and all engineering sections. Our services are the best for any changes in your business. 

CONCLUSION 

Choosing the right hospital and physician are important factors to consider that significantly influence a patient’s treatment. The preferred choice for many patients in choosing a hospital is dependent on the location and type of illness. Rovich Diagnostics Services  got you covered in all kinds of physiotherapy, Eye clinical issues and many more.

Even though hospitals are mostly funded by taxpayers, some hospitals, as well as medical research facilities, receive charitable donations. Besides this, there is an increasing trend of privatization of some hospital services if those services go beyond provincial health budgets. All hospital federal and state hospitals should be well taken care of as the health of the citizens is a priority for the government.

An ultrasound scan is a medical test that uses high-frequency sound waves to capture live images from the inside of your body. It’s also known as sonography. The technology is similar to that used by sonar and radar, which help the military detect planes and ships. Types of Ultrasound allows your doctor to see problems with organs, vessels, and tissues without needing to make an incision. Unlike other imaging techniques, ultrasound uses no radiation. For this reason, it’s the preferred method for viewing a developing fetus during pregnancy. Also Ultrasound or ultrasonography is a medical imaging technique that uses high frequency sound waves and their echoes. The technique is similar to the echolocation used by bats, whales and dolphins, as well as SONAR used by submarines. Ultrasound was originally developed during World War I to track submarines as SONAR technology (Sound, Navigation And Ranging). Ultrasound was first used medically in the 1950s, with very early applications in fetal biometry; nowadays, it is used in just about every field of medicine. Furthermore, it is also now practiced by a wide variety of professionals, in a multidisciplinary setting. The Types of Ultrasound listed below is a high frequency sound beyond the hearing of the human ear. The frequencies of ultrasound required for diagnostic medical imaging are in the range 1–20 MHz. These frequencies can be obtained by using piezoelectric materials (particularly crystals). When an electric current is applied and reversed across a slice of one of these materials, the material contracts or expands. So a rapidly alternating electric field can cause a crystal to vibrate. These vibrations are then passed through any adjacent materials, or into the air as a longitudinal wave is produced – a sound wave

Types of Ultrasounds 

Abdominal Ultrasound

An abdominal ultrasound is a useful way of examining internal organs, including the liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, and bladder. This can help to diagnose a variety of conditions and to assess the damage caused by illness. Because it provides real-time images, ultrasound can also be used to:

• Guide procedures such as needle biopsies, in which needles are used to sample cells from organs for laboratory testing.
• Help a physician determine the source of many abdominal pains, such as stones in the gallbladder or kidney.
• Help identify the cause for enlargement of an abdominal organ.
• Doppler ultrasound is a special type of ultrasound study that examines major blood vessels. These images can help the physician to see and evaluate:
• Blockages to blood flow, such as clots.
• Build-up of plaque inside the vessel.
• Congenital malformation.
• 

Pelvic Ultrasound Imaging

Pelvic ultrasounds are one of the most well-known forms of ultrasound, being one of the imaging tests used to monitor the health of the embryo or fetus during pregnancy. Aside from maternity medicine, these ultrasounds are also used to examine the uterus, ovaries, bladder, and prostate gland. Pelvic ultrasound is often used to diagnose conditions or the cause of conditions such as:

• Pelvic pain
• Abnormal bleeding
• Menstrual problems
• Ovarian cysts
• Uterine fibroids
• Ovarian and uterine cancers
• Kidney and bladder stones

Transabdominal

Patients receiving a transabdominal ultrasound need to have a full urinary bladder. Like other ultrasound procedures, patients lie on their back as a gel is applied to the abdomen. The transducer is then rubbed over the examination area and releases sound waves. This is a fairly straightforward ultrasound exam.

Transvaginal Ultrasound

For a transvaginal ultrasound, a woman needs to empty her bladder the same way she would for a gynecological exam. She also lies face up on her back with feet in stirrups. The transducer of the ultrasound needs to be inserted for this test. The transducer is smaller than the standard speculum used in Pap tests. A protective cover and gel for lubrication is placed on the transducer before it is inserted in the vagina.

Only the first two to three inches of the transducer is inserted in the vagina. The doctor may move it around to obtain images from different angles. The most common reason for transvaginal pelvic ultrasounds is to look for the cause of pelvic pain. Most patients report that this exam is more comfortable than a manual gynecologic examination.

Transrectal

In order to perform an ultrasound on the prostate gland, the transducer must be inserted through the rectum so that the sound waves can travel to the prostate. As with other inserted ultrasound procedures, the transducer is covered with a protective cover and lubrication before insertion. The transducer will need to be moved around in order to obtain images from different angles. These exams are typically performed with the patient lying down on their left side and knees bent up towards the chest.

The doctor may recommend a biopsy be performed if a lesion is found during the exam. In a biopsy, the radiologist uses the ultrasound images to guide a needle towards the prostate gland and extract a sample of the abnormal tissue. Ultrasound-guided biopsies are minimally invasive and only require a small incision.

Obstetric Ultrasound Imaging

Obstetric ultrasound (OB ultrasound) refers to the specialized use of sound waves to visualize and thus determine the condition of a pregnant woman and her embryo or fetus. Obstetric ultrasound should be performed only when clinically indicated. Some indications may be:

• To establish the presence of a living embryo/fetus
• To estimate the age of the pregnancy
• To diagnose congenital abnormalities
• To evaluate the position of the fetus
• To evaluate the position of the placenta
• To determine if there are multiple pregnancies

You will be asked to lie on your back or side. You will also be asked to expose your lower abdominal area. The obstetric ultrasound examination takes about 30-45 minutes.

This is a painless procedure. There may be varying degrees of discomfort from pressure as the sonographer guides the transducer over your abdomen, especially if you are required to have a full bladder. At times the sonographer may have to press more firmly to get closer to the embryo or fetus to better visualize the structure. This discomfort is temporary. Also, you may dislike the feeling of the water-soluble gel applied to your abdomen. With transvaginal scanning, there may be minimal discomfort as the transducer is moved in the vagina.

Carotid & Abdominal Aorta Ultrasound Imaging

Ultrasound of the carotid arterial system provides a fast, noninvasive means of identifying blockages of blood flow in the neck arteries to the brain that might produce a stroke or mini-stroke. Ultrasound of the abdominal aorta is primarily used to evaluate for an aneurysm which is an abnormal enlargement of the aorta usually from atherosclerotic disease.

The patient is positioned on an examination table that can tilt and move. A clear gel is applied to the area that will be examined. The gel helps the transducer make a secure contact and eliminates air pockets between the transducer and the skin, since the sound waves cannot penetrate air. The sonographer or radiologist then presses the transducer firmly against the skin and sweeps along the area of interest, reviewing the images on the monitor and capturing “snapshots” as required.

Liver Ultrasound

Liver Ultrasound determines the size, shape, and function of the liver, and can be used to detect tumors.

Renal Ultrasound

Renal ultrasound determines the size, shape, and function of the kidneys, and can be useful in the detection of kidney stones, cysts, and tumors.

Vascular Ultrasound

Vascular ultrasounds are used to analyze the flow of blood through the arteries and veins.

Thyroid Ultrasound

Thyroid Ultrasound checks for underactive and overactive thyroid glands, nodules, and cysts

Importance of ultrasound

There are multiple diagnostic uses of ultrasound. Until ultrasound came along, doctors could only listen to the foetal heart, on which presence was assumed to be an indicator of foetal well-being. With the advent of ultrasound, the information available to the pregnant patients’ attending doctors has increased markedly. Doctors are able measure the size of the foetus, which helps in determining when delivery of the baby would be expected; monitor growth of the developing foetus; check for structural abnormalities of foetus, e.g. head, and spine between 18 and 20 weeks of pregnancy; locate the site of the placenta; check for evidence of foetal well being or compromise with examinations of the foetal heart and even perform procedures on the foetus. The detection and assessment of growths in the female reproductive tract like fibroids, tubal or ovarian masses, cancers etc is another use of ultrasound. Ultrasound is used in the detection and assessment of conditions in the heart. It is used to examine the size, shape, and movement of the heart, including its valves and chambers as well as the blood flow through the heart. This type of ultrasound is called an echocardiogram, which can even be used to diagnose cardiac abnormalities in foetuses prior to their birth (foetal echocardiography). Ultrasound is used in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is a condition in which there is blood clot formation (thrombi) in the deep veins. The thrombi can break loose and travel to the lungs, causing pulmonary embolism, which is a life threatening condition. Abnormal conditions in other organs that can be detected and assessed by ultrasound include the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidneys, bladder, prostate, testes, breasts, thyroid, lymph nodes, skin, joints, and eyes. Procedures like biopsies, in which tissue samples are taken for analysis, can be carried out under ultrasound guidance. The types of ultrasound listed below are  used as a guide to the correct location of the site for the biopsy to be carried out. Examples include breast and prostate biopsies.

Limitations

The limitations to the use of ultrasound are due to its properties, viz: ultrasound waves cannot pass through bone, air, or gas. Therefore, it is not possible to produce detailed images of some parts of the body like the brain, which is surrounded by bone. Doctors utilise other imaging methods like CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to examine parts of the body that are not suitable for ultrasound examination.

Mechanism of an ultrasound scan

1. The ultrasound machine transmits high-frequency (1 to 5 megahertz) sound pulses into your body using a probe.
2. The sound waves travel into your body and hit a boundary between tissues (e.g. between fluid and soft tissue, soft tissue and bone).
3. Some of the sound waves get reflected back to the probe, while some travel on further until they reach another boundary and get reflected.
4. The reflected waves are picked up by the probe and relayed to the machine.
5. The machine calculates the distance from the probe to the tissue or organ (boundaries) using the speed of sound in tissue (5,005 ft/s or1,540 m/s) and the time of each echo’s return (usually on the order of millionths of a second).
6. The machine displays the distances and intensities of the echoes on the screen, forming a two dimensional image like the one shown below.

Frequently ask question on Types of Ultrasound

What happens after the test?

A radiologist will interpret your ultrasound images. Your doctor will discuss the results with you at a follow-up appointment. Your doctor may ask for another follow-up scan or other tests and set up an appointment to check on any issues that were found.

The difference between sonogram and types of Ultrasound

Often, the terms sonogram and ultrasound are used interchangeably. However, there’s a difference between the two:

• An ultrasound is a tool used to take a picture.
• A sonogram is the picture that the ultrasound generates.
• Sonography is the use of an ultrasound tool for diagnostic purposes.

NOTE : an ultrasound is the process, while a sonogram is the end result.

Types of Ultrasound

Sonography is a noninvasive, painless procedure. It uses high-frequency sound waves — called ultrasound waves —to produce images of organs, soft tissues, blood vessels, and blood flow, from inside the body. These images are used for medical analysis.

After x-ray exams, ultrasound is the most commonly used form of diagnostic imaging. It helps doctors gain insights into the inner workings of the body, and is known for being:

• safe
• radiation free
• noninvasive
• portable
• widely accessible
• affordable

Sonogram

A sonogram (also called an ultrasonogram) is the visual image produced during an ultrasound examination.

What is these Types of Ultrasound used for?

Probably best known for confirming and monitoring pregnancy, ultrasound is also commonly used by doctors for:

Diagnostics

Doctors use ultrasound imaging to help diagnose conditions affecting the organs and soft tissues of the body, including:

• abdomen
• liver
• kidneys
• heart
• blood vessels
• gallbladder
• spleen
• pancreas
• thyroid
• bladder
• breast
• ovaries
• testicles
• eyes

There are some diagnostic limitations for ultrasounds. For example, sound waves do not transmit well through areas that might hold gas or air (such as intestines), or areas blocked by dense bone.

Medical procedures

When a doctor needs to remove tissue from a very precise area in the body — such as in a needle biopsy — ultrasound imaging can help with visual direction.

Conclusion of Types of Ultrasound

Historically, the diagnosis of appendicitis has been made based on clinical findings. Diagnostic imaging has been used primarily to evaluate patients who have an atypical clinical presentation. Over the past several years, improvements in imaging technology have contributed to an increase in diagnostic accuracy in these patients.

These Types of Ultrasound has been suggested and used as the primary diagnostic imaging modality to evaluate for appendicitis. However, sonography is known to be highly operator dependent; large patient habitus and atypical appendiceal location are additional factors that may reduce the reliability of a negative sonographic examination for appendicitis.

CT is more accurate than ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. When dedicated CT examination of the appendix is performed to evaluate all patients with clinically suspected appendicitis, the diagnostic accuracy is 98%. Early and accurate diagnosis of appendicitis can decrease patient morbidity and hospital costs by reducing the delay in diagnosis of appendicitis and its associated complications, as well as by avoiding inpatient observation prior to surgery in patients who present with atypical symptoms. Furthermore, both CT and ultrasound may rapidly provide alternative diagnoses which can be treated on an outpatient basis.

Hope this was helpful, for more updates contact Us Rovich Diagnostics Service

Best clinic for Eye

Chalazion (Eyelid Cyst)

A chalazion (also called a meibomian cyst, tarsal cyst, or conjunctival granuloma) is the inflammation of a small cystic gland in the eyelid. The gland opening becomes clogged and the gland swells. Chalazions are treated with warm compresses, though in rare cases they may require antibiotics. If the chalazion becomes severe, causes changes in vision, or is persistent, it may be removed surgically.

Best clinic for Eye Corneal Ulcer

A corneal ulcer is a common eye condition. It refers to small crater (ulcer) on the front part of the eye, usually following an infection. Bacteria, viruses, or fungus can cause a corneal ulcer.

People who wear contact lenses are at higher risk for corneal ulcers. That’s because infectious agents may get trapped behind a lens. People deficient in vitamin A are particularly vulnerable to corneal ulcers.

Symptoms of a corneal ulcer include:

• pain,
• intense redness,
• feeling as if the eye is scratched or something is in the eye,
• sensitivity to light, and
• blurry vision.

If you suspect a corneal ulcer or have the symptoms of a corneal ulcer and wear contact lenses, see your ophthalmologist immediately. High potency antibiotics and pain medications are the treatments for this condition.

Best clinic for Eye Diabetic Retinopathy

People with diabetes often have problems with their blood vessels throughout their bodies and the eye is no exception. Diabetes can come with complications, such as diabetic retinopathy. This eye problem affects the blood vessels in the back of the eye, on the retina.

There are two types of diabetic retinopathy:

• Nonproliferative retinopathy, the less severe type in which there may be bleeding in the retina and leakage of blood or serum causing a “wet retina.”
• Proliferative retinopathy, a more severe type where new abnormal blood vessels grow on the retina. These vessels may bleed into the vitreous (the clear jelly in the center of the eye) and cause visual problems.

Treatment involves laser surgery but damage may be permanent. The best way to prevent diabetic retinopathy is with strict glucose control and a healthy lifestyle (weight loss, dietary restrictions, and exercise).

Diabetes and Dry Eyes

Multiple studies have shown a relationship between diabetes and dry eyes. What’s more, studies suggest that the higher your blood sugar levels spike, the more likely you are to have dry eyes. This eye condition is mainly treated with eye drops, blocking tear ducts, or medicine that increases how much your eyes tear.

Best clinic for Eye Crossed Eyes (Strabismus)

Crossed eyes (strabismus) is an eye problem involving a misalignment of your eyes. In other words, your eyes do not look in the same direction as they should. One eye may track differently than the other, causing a disjointed appearance.

Young children born with this disorder may develop decreased vision in one eye (amblyopia, also known as “lazy eye.”). Treatment for strabismus involves using an eye patch on the stronger eye, eye exercises, and possibly surgery.

Floaters

Floaters are caused by aging changes in the vitreous jelly of the eye. They are a common consequence of aging. If you develop multiple floaters, or floaters associated with pain, get checked by your ophthalmologist. In general floaters do not cause blindness and are mostly harmless. There is no definitive treatment for floaters, as most will fade or become less noticeable over time.

Farsightedness (Hyperopia)

Farsightedness (hyperopia) is difficulty focusing on objects that are close. It is very common and the incidence increases with age. It is caused by an abnormally flat cornea that does not allow light to sharply focus on the retina. Glasses, contact lenses, or surgery may be used to correct hyperopia.

Hope this was helpful, for more update on how to take care of your eyes Contact Us Rovich Diagnostics Service

Types of Eye Disease

Uveitis

Uveitis is inflammation to the middle layers of the eye (the uvea). The uvea is the layer of the eye that contains the arteries and veins that feed the important structures used in vision. Causes of uveitis include trauma or injury to the eye, infections, or rheumatologic or inflammatory diseases that affect other parts of the body. The main symptom of uveitis is pain in the eyeball. The eye will look red (bloodshot) and you may notice blurred vision, light sensitivity, and spots in your vision.

Treatment for uveitis depends on the cause. Anti-inflammatory or antibiotic drops, along with pain medications may be prescribed.

Types of Eye Disease Eye Allergies

Severe eye allergies may cause damage to the eye that may threaten eyesight. Allergies can cause chronic inflammation that may permanently damage the cornea. Causes of eye allergies are usually due to seasonal allergies, sensitivities to cosmetics or medications, or dust. Over-the-counter eye drops that contain antihistamines or decongestants are usually helpful. Consult a doctor if OTC remedies do not work, or if you experience pain, discharge, or extreme eye redness.

Types of Eye Disease Sty (Stye)

A sty (also spelled stye) is an infection of the oil gland at the base of an eyelash. It appears as a red, raised pimple on the edge of the eyelid. Symptoms of a sty are pain, tenderness, redness, and swelling with a small pustule. The eyeball itself may feel irritated or as if something is scratching it due to the swelling of the eyelid. Treatment for a sty includes warm compresses applied to the affected area for 10 minutes, up to six times daily. If the sty comes to a head and releases pus, it should be cleaned gently with soap and water. This rupture usually leads to the sty going away. If the sty is very large, painful, or affects your vision, see your doctor.

Types of Eye Disease Keratoconus

The cornea is the clear surface covering the front of the eye. It is normally smooth and round, following the contour of the eyeball. Weakness in the structure of the cornea can lead to pressure in the eyeball, causing an conical-shaped abnormal bulge to the front of the eye in a condition called keratoconus. Changes in the shape of the cornea make it difficult for the eye to focus even with the help of glasses or contact lenses. Keratoconus can also cause complications during certain eye surgeries. Treatment includes rigid contact lenses or corneal transplantation.

Types of Eye Disease Blepharitis

Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids. The inflammation can be found on the outer (anterior) or inner (posterior) eyelid and symptoms include burning, itching, swelling, flaky skin at the base of the lashes, crusting of the eyelids, tearing, or blurred vision. Common causes of blepharitis are problems with oil glands at the base of the eyelids, infections, or other skin conditions. Treatment includes good eyelid hygiene, including frequent cleaning, light scrubbing, using a mixture of water and baby shampoo. Severe cases of blepharitis may require antibiotics or steroids.

Hope this was Helpful, for more Updates on Eye Medicals Contact Us Rovich Diagnostic Services

Anatomy of the Eye

Top Eye Clinic in Nigeria, the anatomy of the eye is complex. The main structures of the eye include the following:

• Cornea: clear tissue in the very front of the eye
• Iris: colored part of the eye surrounding the pupil
• Pupil: dark hole in the iris that regulates the amount of light going into the eye
• Lens: small clear disk inside the eye that focuses light rays onto the retina
• Retina: layer that lines the back of the eye, senses light, and creates electrical impulses that travel through the optic nerve to the brain
• Macula: small central area in the retina that allows us to see fine details clearly
• Optic nerve: connects the eye to the brain and carries the electrical impulses formed by the retina to the visual cortex of the brain
• Vitreous: clear, jelly-like substance that fills the middle of the eye

Eye problems can involve any and all of these parts. As you read through this article, you can refer to this illustration for reference.

Glaucoma

Glaucoma refers to a group of eye diseases that cause pressure increases within your eye. The increased pressure affects the optic nerve and may cause vision loss. Glaucoma can be classified into two main types. These are open-angle, which is more common and develops more slowly, and angle-closure, which comes on suddenly and is painful. Without treatment, either type can cause vision problems and blindness.

In the early phases of glaucoma there are often no symptoms. By the time vision is affected, the damage is permanent. Progression of glaucoma can be slowed or halted with eye drops, laser treatments, or surgery. So, early diagnosis is key.

People with a family history of glaucoma, the elderly, and African-Americans are at increased risk of the disease.

Top Eye Clinic in Nigeria

Cataracts

One of the most common eye problems among seniors, the development of cataracts can cause vision problems and vision loss. A cataract is a painless cloudy lens in the eye that causes blurry vision.

It progresses slowly as we age. Most people who reach their mid-70s will have some cataract-like changes to their cornea. Other than aging, causes of cataracts include diabetes, trauma, some medications, and excessive UV light exposure.

Your doctor can see a cataract while doing a routine eye exam. Treatments for cataracts include eyeglasses, magnifying lenses, and surgery. Surgery is curative as the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with an artificial one. The need for surgery and the risks involved should be discussed with your eye doctor.

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Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Age-related macular degeneration is an eye disease that can begin at any age, but usually develops after age 60. This eye condition progressively destroys your macula, which is the central portion of the retina that helps with focus. It rarely causes total blindness as only the center of vision is affected.

There are two types: wet and dry. In wet macular degeneration, abnormal blood vessels behind the retina start to grow, leaking blood and fluid, causing loss of central vision, which may occur quickly. In dry macular degeneration, the light-sensitive cells in the macula slowly break down causing central vision to diminish over time.

Retinal Detachment

Retinal detachment occurs when the retina (tissue in the back of the eye) separates (detaches) from its underlying structures. The buildup of fluid behind the retina is what separates the retina from the back of the eye. Retina detachments are often painless, and symptoms that may be noticed include perception of flashing lights, floaters, or a curtain drawn over your visual field. Risk factors for retinal detachment include being a nearsighted adult age 25 to 50, or an elderly person after cataract surgery. Treatment for a detached retina involves surgery, mostly using lasers, that can improve vision affected by the retinal detachment.

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Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)

Conjunctivitis, or pinkeye, is an eye diseases that causes redness and inflammation of the clear tissue covering the eye and the inside of the eyelids (conjunctiva). It is commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections but may also be due to irritants (chemicals, pollutants, or allergens).

Most cases of infectious conjunctivitis are viral and do not need treatment with antibiotics. Bacterial conjunctivitis can be treated with antibiotic drops or ointments prescribed by your doctor. A crusty discharge may make it difficult to open the eyelids. If this happens a warm, wet compress may be applied to the eyes to gently remove the crusting.

To reduce the spread of the infectious conjunctivitis, wash hands frequently, do not share eye drops, cosmetics, towels, or washcloths.

Hope this was helpful, for more updates on how best to take care of your eye contact Rovich Diagnostics Services